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1.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; 100(4): 21-30, dic. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092392

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Los efectos nocivos de la radiación solar han sido reportados, pero casi no se ha estudiado la población laboral de Latinoamérica. Este es un estudio transversal analítico realizado en ocho países. Las preguntas sobre protección solar se tomaron de trabajos previos; además, se preguntó por las características laborales; ambos datos se cruzaron para obtener datos estadísticos de asociación. De los 3.222 trabajadores encuestados, el 71% (2270) tenía piel mestiza. Hubo asociación del enrojecimiento de la piel según la cantidad de horas de exposición solar directa (p<0,001) e indirecta (p<0,001). El 47% (995) usaban protector/bloqueador solar, el 54% (1150) usaban ropa adecuada y el 50% (1056) usaban alguna gorra o sombrero; siendo estadísticamente diferente el medio de adquisición de dichos equipos. El 21% (446) no usaba ninguno de los equipos de protección personal ante los efectos del sol. Concluimos que es alarmante el bajo porcentaje de trabajadores que reciben adecuada protección contra los efectos de la radiación solar. Esto podría generar problemas a corto, mediano y largo plazo entre los empleados, lo que podría aumentar la morbi-mortalidad y el riesgo de cáncer de piel.


ABSTRACT The harmful effects of solar radiation have been reported, but the work population in Latin America has hardly been studied. The objective is describe the type of sun protection they use and find associations according to their characteristics in Latin American workers. The methodology isCross-sectional analytical study carried out in 8 countries, the questions of sun protection were taken from previous work, in addition, asked about the labor characteristics; Both were crossed to obtain association statistics. Our results: Of the 3.222 workers surveyed, 71% (2270) had mestizo skin. There was association of skin redness according to the number of hours of direct (p <0.001) and indirect sun exposure (p <0.001). 47% (995) wore the sunscreen / protector, 54% (1150) wore appropriate clothing and 50% (1056) wore a cap or hat; statistically different according to the means of acquisition of such equipment (p value <0.001 for all three cases). 21% (446) did not wear any personal protective equipment to the effects of the sun. It is alarming that the low percentage of workers who receive adequate protection against the effects of solar radiation can cause problems in the short, medium and long term among employees. This could increase morbidity and mortality and the risk of skin cancer. It is important to do more research in this regard, as this issue is of utmost importance because of the changes that have occurred in radiation levels, which could generate a public health problem in this work group.

3.
Braz. j. biol ; 76(4): 834-844, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828103

ABSTRACT

Abstract Palms, bromeliads and bamboos are key elements of tropical forests and understanding the effects of climate, anthropogenic pressure and forest structure on these groups is crucial to forecast structural changes in tropical forests. Therefore, we investigated the effects of these factors on the abundance of these groups in 22 Atlantic forest fragments of Northeastern Brazil. Abundance of bromeliads and bamboos were assessed through indexes. Palms were counted within a radius of 20 m. We also obtained measures of vegetation structure, fragment size, annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality and human population density. We tested the effects of these predictors on plant groups using path analysis. Palm abundance was higher in taller forests with larger trees, closed canopy and sparse understory, which may be a result of the presence of seed dispersers and specific attributes of local palm species. Bromeliads were negatively affected by both annual precipitation and precipitation seasonality, what may reflect adaptations of these plants to use water efficiently, but also the need to capture water in a regular basis. Bamboos were not related to any predictor variable. As climate and forest structure affected the abundance of bromeliads and palms, human-induced climatic changes and disturbances in forest structure may modify the abundance of these groups. In addition, soil properties and direct measurements of human disturbance should be used in future studies in order to improve the predictability of models about plant groups in Northeastern Atlantic Forest.


Resumo Palmeiras, bromélias e bambus são importantes elementos das florestas tropicais e, entender os efeitos do clima, pressão antrópica e estrutura da floresta nesses grupos é crucial para prever alterações estruturais em florestas tropicais. Portanto, nós investigamos os efeitos desses fatores na abundância desses grupos vegetais em 22 fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no nordeste brasileiro. Abundâncias de bromélias e bambus foram registradas através de índices. Palmeiras foram contadas em um raio de 20 m. Nós também obtemos medidas da estrutura da vegetação, tamanho de fragmento, precipitação anual, sazonalidade na precipitação e densidade populacional humana. Nós testamos os efeitos desses preditores nos grupos vegetais através de análises de caminhos. A abundância de palmeiras foi maior em florestas mais altas, com árvores mais grossas, dossel fechado e sub-bosque aberto, o que deve refletir a presença de dispersores de sementes e atributos específicos das espécies de palmeiras locais. Bromélias foram negativamente afetadas pela precipitação anual e pela sazonalidade na precipitação, o que deve refletir adaptações dessas plantas para o uso eficiente da água, mas também a necessidade de captar água regularmente. Bambus não estiveram relacionados com nenhum dos preditores avaliados. Dado que clima e estrutura florestal afetaram a abundância de bromélias e palmeiras, as mudanças climáticas e distúrbios na estrutura das matas causados por ações antrópicas podem alterar a abundância desses grupos. Adicionalmente, propriedades do solo e medidas diretas de distúrbios antrópicos devem ser usadas em estudos futuros para melhorar o poder preditivo dos modelos sobre a abundância de plantas na Mata Atlântica do nordeste brasileiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Forests , Climate , Arecaceae/physiology , Bromeliaceae/physiology , Sasa/physiology , Soil/chemistry , Trees/physiology , Brazil , Population Density , Human Activities/statistics & numerical data
4.
Braz. j. biol ; 76(1): 268-276, Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-774496

ABSTRACT

Abstract The present study aims to compare the allometry and wood density of Goupia glabra Aubl. (Goupiaceae) in two different terra-firme sites in Amazonian forest. A total of 65 trees ≥ 10 cm DBH was sampled in both sites, with 39 trees in Nova Olinda do Norte (NOlinda, near the Amazon River) and 29 trees in Apuí (near the southern edge of the Amazon forest). Except for the relationship between DBH (diameter at breast height) and Ht (total height), allometric relationships for G.glabra differed significantly between sites. Apuí had lower intercept and greater slope for log10 (DBH) versus log10 (Hs – stem height), and, conversely, greater intercept and lower slope for log10 (DBH) versus log10 (Ch – crown height). The slope differed significantly between the sites for DBH versus Cd (crown diameter), with greater slope found for NOlinda. Mean basic wood density in Apuí was 8.8% lower than in NOlinda. Our findings highlight the variation in adaptive strategy of G. glabra due to environmental differences between sites. This is probably because of different canopy-understory light gradients, which result in differentiation of resource allocation between vertical and horizontal growth, which, in turn, affects mechanical support related to wood density. We also hypothesize that differences in soil fertility and disturbance regimes between sites may act concomitantly with light.


Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo comparar a alometria e a densidade da madeira de Goupia glabra em dois diferentes sítios de floresta de terra firme na Amazonia. Um total de 65 árvores com DAP ≥ 10 cm foi amostrado em ambos os sítios, sendo 39 árvores em Nova Olinda do Norte (NOlinda, próximo ao rio Amazonas) e 29 em Apuí (próximo à borda sul da Amazônia). Exceto para a relação entre o DBH (diâmetro a altura do peito) e a Ht (altura total), as relações alométricas para G. glabra diferiu significativamente entre os sítios. Apuí apresentou menor intercepto e maior inclinação para a relação log10 (DBH) versus log10 (Hs – altura do fuste) e, ao contrário, maior intercepto e menor inclinação para log10 (DBH) versus log10 (Ch – altura da copa). A inclinação diferiu significativamente entre os sítios para DBH versus Cd (diâmetro da copa), com maior inclinação encontrada para NOlinda. A densidade básica média da madeira in Apuí foi 8.8% menor do que em NOlinda. Os resultados deste estudo destacam a variação na estratégia adaptativa de G. glabra devido às diferenças ambientais entre os sítios. Isto é provavelmente consequência dos diferentes gradientes de luz o que resulta na diferenciação na alocação de recursos entre o crescimento vertical e horizontal o que, por sua vez, afeta o suporte mecânico relacionado à densidade da madeira. Nós também levantamos a hipótese de que as diferenças em termos de fertilidade e regimes de distúrbios entre os sítios podem agir concomitantemente com o regime de luz.


Subject(s)
Magnoliopsida/anatomy & histology , Magnoliopsida/growth & development , Forests , Light , Soil/chemistry , Wood/anatomy & histology , Wood/growth & development
5.
Med. intensiva ; 32(4): [1-11], 20150000. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-884110

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Conocer la existencia del síndrome de burnout en médicos intensivistas de General Roca y Cipolletti, y correlacionarlo con factores de estrés laboral. Diseño: Encuesta a los médicos intensivistas de adultos, pediátricos y neonatólogos, de General Roca y Cipolletti, utilizando el Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual (MBI), la encuesta hospitalaria de estrés/satisfacción laboral (HCJSSQ) y una autoevaluación del nivel de estrés/satisfacción. Se identificaron los profesionales que están por encima de la mediana en agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, y por debajo en realización personal. La presencia de las tres dimensiones definió la existencia del síndrome. Se correlacionaron las encuestas con el coeficiente de Pearson, vinculando el burnout con los factores que provocan estrés. Resultados: Respondieron 52 intensivistas (92% del total); 12 presentaron burnout (21,4%), en su mayoría, mujeres (58,33%). Cinco (41,7%) de ellos consideraron al estrés intenso; 6 (50%), moderado y uno (8,33%), leve. Casi el 60% de los afectados no reconoció su existencia. Los intensivistas de instituciones públicas, de terapias pediátricas/neonatoló- gicas y de Cipolletti manifestaron más afectación. Los factores que provocan estrés fueron: falta de tiempo, mayor complejidad tecnológica, necesidad de cubrir guardias y dar malas noticias, amenaza de litigio, restricciones institucionales, conflictos con el equipo de trabajo, falta de autonomía, exceso de responsabilidad y sensación de no hacer bien la tarea. Un factor de satisfacción fue el trabajo en equipo. Conclusión: Se evidenció el rol institucional en la prevención, el reconocimiento y el empleo de estrategias de abordaje orientadas al afectado y a mejorar el clima organizacional, las condiciones laborales, la comunicación y el trabajo en equipo.(AU)


Objective: To establish the occurrence of burnout syndrome in critical care physicians from General Roca and Ciplolletti, and correlate it with factors found in work-related stress. Design: A survey involving all adult, pediatric and neonatal critical care physicians in General Roca and Cipolletti. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual (MBI) questionnaire, the Hospital Consultants Job Stress & Satisfaction questionnaire (HCJSSQ) and an auto-evaluation of stress and satisfaction levels were used. The investigation identified professionals of above-average emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, and below-average personal achievement. The presence of these three indicators defined the existence of the syndrome. The questionnaires were correlated using the Pearson coefficient to link burnout with factors causing stress. Results: Fifty-two critical care physicians responded to the survey (92% of the target group): 12 presented burnout (21.4%), the majority being women (58.33%). Five (41.7%) of them considered their stress to be "severe", 6 (50%) "moderate" and 1 (8.33%) "mild". Almost 60% of those affected were unaware of its presence. Critical care physicians working in public institutions, in pediatric/neonatal care and in Cipolletti were the most affected. Correlating stress-inducing factors: lack of time, high levels of technological complexity, need to cover ER/A&E and deliver bad news, threat of litigation, institutional restrictions, conflicts within a team, lack of autonomy, excess responsibility and the feeling of underperforming. Teamwork was a factor in deriving satisfaction. Conclusion: The role played by the institution was identified as a factor in the prevention and recognition, and the use of hands-on strategies aimed at the sufferer and at improving the organisational climate, working conditions, communication and teamwork(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Physicians , Burnout, Professional , Depersonalization , Occupational Stress
6.
Rev. chil. urol ; 79(4): 43-46, 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-785414

ABSTRACT

La instalación de catéteres ureterales tipo Doble J o “pigtail” es una práctica habitual en urología, el principal problema de su instalación radica en que gran parte de los pacientes presentan diferentes tipos de molestias en relación a su uso. Existen algunas alternativas de tratamiento médico que han probado ser efectivas en disminuir parcialmente estos síntomas; sin embargo, pocos estudios han evaluado la posibilidad de terapias locales, y estos reclutaron pocos pacientes por lo que no pudieron demostrar grandes diferencias.


The use of Double J ureteral stents or also called “pigtail” is common practice in urology; the main problem with its use is that a large number of patients develop discomfort with indwelling stents. To diminish them there are medical treatments that have been proven useful, however, few studies have assessed local therapies, and this studies include a small number of patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Pain/prevention & control , Stents , Ureteroscopy/adverse effects
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 65(1): 221-230, fev. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-667559

ABSTRACT

Foi estudado o valor nutricional (digestibilidade total e ileal) de duas leveduras spray dry (cana-de-açúcar - LEV35 e cerveja+cana-de-açúcar - LEV40) e o efeito da sua inclusão em rações para suínos na fase de crescimento e terminação. Os valores de ED (kcal/kg) da LEV35 e da LEV40 foram 3.496 e 3.901 e EM (kcal/kg) foram 3.475 e 3.862, respectivamente. Os valores de lisina, metionina+cistina e treonina digestível para a levedura de cana-de-açúcar e da levedura de cerveja+cana-de-açúcar são 2,66 e 2,64, 1,11 e 1,03, 1,95 e 1,92, respectivamente. No desempenho foram utilizados 40 suínos com peso inicial de 34,39± 7,57kg (crescimento) e de 62,45± 5,68kg (terminação), distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco níveis de inclusão (0, 5, 10, 15 e20%) da LEV35. Na fase de crescimento, houve piora do GDP e da CA com o aumento da inclusão. Na fase de terminação, porém, houve efeito quadrático para o CDR, sendo o melhor nível 3.32%. Da mesma forma, ocorreu piora linear para o GDP, CA, peso de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça fria e peso de pernil. Os resultados sugerem que a adição de níveis crescentes da LEV35 pode prejudicar o desempenho dos suínos.


The nutritional value of two spray dry yeast (sugar cane - SCYSD and brewer+sugar cane - BYSD) and their inclusion effects on growing and finishing pigs feeding was studied. The DE (kcal/kg) values for SCYSD and BYSD were 3.496 and 3.901 and for ME (kcal/kg) they were 3.475 and 3.862. The values of digestible lysine, methionine+cistine and threonine for SCYSD and BYSD were: 2.66 and 2.64%; 1.11 and 1.03%: 1.95 and 1.92%. 40 pigs with initial weight of 34.39±7.57kg (growing) and 62.45±5.68kg (finishing), allotted in a completely randomized design with five levels of SCYSD inclusion were used in the performance assay. In the growing phase, there was an impairing on DWG and F:G, however, in the finishing phase, DFI presented a quadratic effect, being 3.32% the best level and linear reduction of DWG, F:G, slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass yield and ham weight. The results suggest that increasing levels of SCYSD may impair the performance of growing and finishing pigs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Amino Acids/physiology , Saccharum/growth & development , Swine/growth & development , Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(5): 1265-1274, out. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-655901

ABSTRACT

Two experiments were carried out to study the methodology of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with fibrous test feedstuffs (sticky coffee hull - SCH) in digestibility trials with pigs. In Experiment 1, a digestibility trial was conducted using 30 crossbred barrows, allotted in a randomized block design. In Experiment 2, 42 growing and 42 finishing pigs were used, allotted in a completely randomized design, with six diets and seven replicates, with one animal per experimental unit. The six diets consisted of: a control diet, four diets using SCH ME values as obtained in Experiment 1 plus a diet using SCH ME value estimated by linear regression equation for 15% substitution. The digestibility study indicated that the use of increasing levels of substitution (7, 14, 21 and 28%) reduced SCH digestibility. ME values, as-fed basis, were 2,456, 2,377, 2,247 and 1,945kcal/kg. The overall results indicate that higher levels of substitution overestimate the energy value and that the method of increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with feedstuffs test can be used to more accurately estimate the energy values of fibrous feedstuffs for pigs. For growing and finishing pigs respectively, up to 28% and 15% of sticky coffee hull can be used without impairing pig performance and economic feasibility.


Dois experimentos foram realizados para se estudar a metodologia de uso de porcentagens crescentes de substituição da ração referência pelo alimento teste fibroso (casca de café melosa - CCM), em ensaios de digestibilidade com suínos. No Experimento I, foi realizado um ensaio de digestibilidade utilizando 30 machos castrados, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso. No Experimento II, foram utilizados 42 suínos na fase de crescimento e 42 suínos na fase de terminação, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com seis rações, sete repetições e um animal por unidade experimental. As seis rações foram: uma ração controle, quatro rações usando os valores de energia metabolizável (EM) da CCM obtidos no Experimento I e uma ração com EM da CCM estimada por equação de regressão linear para 15% de substituição. Os estudos de digestibilidade indicaram que o uso de porcentagens crescentes de substituição - 7, 14, 21 e 28% - reduziu a digestibilidade da CCM. Os valores de EM, na matéria natural, obtidos para a CCM foram 2.456, 2.377, 2.247 e 1.945kcal/kg. Os resultados indicam que porcentagens mais elevadas de substituição superestimam o valor energético e que a crescente substituição da ração referência pelo alimento teste pode ser utilizada para estimar, de forma mais precisa, os valores energéticos de alimentos fibrosos para suínos. Para suínos em crescimento e em terminação, pode-se usar, respectivamente, até 28% e 15% de casca de café melosa sem prejudicar o desempenho e a viabilidade econômica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Feed/analysis , Swine/growth & development , Swine/metabolism , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Diet/veterinary
9.
Rev. mex. enferm. cardiol ; 19(3): 99-104, sept-dic.2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1035431

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) secundaria a nefropatía diabética es causa importante de morbilidad en México; además de desgaste físico, emocional y económico del enfermo y su familia, no todos tienen acceso a tratamientos sustitutivos disponibles como diálisis peritoneal (DP), hemodiálisis (HD), o trasplante renal (TR). El objetivo de la presente revisión es hacer énfasis en las intervenciones de enfermería que otorgan un tratamiento seguro y de mayor calidad para el enfermo renal que recibe tratamiento con diálisis peritoneal. El profesional de enfermería debe contar con conocimientos y habilidades necesarias para ofrecer a los pacientes cuidados que mejoren su calidad de vida y disminuyan los factores de riesgo que predisponen graves complicaciones durante el tratamiento con DP.


Chronic renal failure for diabetic nephropathy is a principal cause of morbidity in Mexico, it involves physical, emotional and financial stress for the patient and his family, not all people with this disease have access to available replacement therapies as peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD) or renal transplant (RT). The aim of this review is to focus on nursing interventions that provide a safe and high quality treatment for renal patients with peritoneal dialysis. The nurses should have necessary knowledge and skills to provide care to patients with this disease, to improve their quality of life and reduce risk factors that predispose serious complications through the PD treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Peritoneal Dialysis/methods , Renal Insufficiency/nursing , Patient Safety/standards
10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(5): 1191-1199, out. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-605846

ABSTRACT

Dois experimentos foram realizados para determinar o valor nutricional e verificar o desempenho de leitões dos 6 aos 15kg, alimentados com dietas que continham dois tipos de soja integral desativada, caracterizada pela presença (SC) ou não de casca (SS). No ensaio de digestibilidade total, foram utilizados 15 leitões machos, castrados, com média de peso inicial de 7,36±1,71kg, alojados em gaiolas de metabolismo. Exceto para energia bruta (EB), não foram observadas diferenças entre tratamentos nos coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, da proteína bruta, do extrato etéreo e da matéria orgânica, e no coeficiente de metabolização da EB entre as duas sojas avaliadas. Os teores de energia digestível e energia metabolizável na matéria natural para SC e SS foram: 3.979 e 4.300kcal/kg; 3.768 e 4.111kcal/kg, respectivamente. No experimento de desempenho, foram utilizados 56 leitões, desmamados aos 21 dias de idade, com média de peso inicial de 6,19±0,67kg. Neste experimento, os leitões receberam os dois tipos de soja integral desativada em três porcentagens de inclusão. Não foram observadas diferenças para as variáveis de desempenho com a inclusão da soja desativada às dietas. Concluiu-se que os tipos e as porcentagens de inclusão da soja podem ser utilizados na dieta de leitões.


Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional value and to verify the piglets performance from 6 to 15kg, fed diets with two types of disabled whole soybeans characterized by shell presence (CS) or not (SS). In the digestibility assay 15 castrated male piglets were used, with average weight of 7.36±1.71kg, housed in metabolism cages. Except for gross energy (EB), no differences between treatments were observed for the dry matter digestibility, crude protein, ether extract and organic matter, and for the coefficient of metabolism of EB between the two soybeans evaluated. The values of digestible energy (DE), as well the metabolizable energy (ME) on fed basis for SC and SS were: 3,979 and 4,300kcal/kg, 3,768 and 4,111kcal/kg, respectively. In the performance experiment 56 weaned piglets were used, at 21 days of age with initial body weight of 6.19±0.67kg. No differences were observed in the performance variables with the inclusion of SS and SC disabled soybeans in the diets, concluding that the studied soybeans can be used for piglet diets.


Subject(s)
Animals , Nutritive Value , Glycine max , Swine/growth & development , Diet/veterinary , Animal Feed
11.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 11(1): 49-56, jan.-fev. 2007. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-446084

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O conhecimento da capacidade de produção de torque e de força, do comportamento da distância perpendicular ao longo do movimento e a influência destas sobre o comportamento do torque produzido é essencial para o entendimento do movimento humano e pode ser de grande utilidade para controlar a sobrecarga imposta à estrutura musculotendínea. OBJETIVO: Apresentar critérios mecânicos para a progressão de exercícios de rotação interna (RI) e externa (RE) do ombro no plano sagital. MÉTODO: Seis indivíduos foram avaliados através de um dinamômetro isocinético e de um eletrogoniômetro. A partir dos dados obtidos na coleta, foram calculadas as médias de torque, força resultante e a distância perpendicular média ponderada (DPMP) nos softwares SAD32 e Matlab®. RESULTADOS: Os ângulos em que ocorreram os picos de torque de RE e RI foram de -34º e 6º, com valores de 43 Nm e 69 Nm respectivamente, e os picos de força muscular de RE e RI ocorreram nos 35º e -14º, sendo que os valores nessas angulações foram de 10227 N e 8464 N, respectivamente. A DPMP dos RE apresentou um comportamento crescente ao longo de toda amplitude de movimento (ADM), tendo seu pico no final da amplitude, ou seja, em -50º (0,91cm); e a DPMP dos RI apresentou-se praticamente constante, com seu maior valor aos 50º (0,96cm). CONCLUSÕES: Os critérios mecânicos para a progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa são: torque, força e distância perpendicular média ponderada, porque, baseado em seus comportamentos, é possível promover diferentes sobrecargas sobre a estrutura musculotendínea.


INTRODUCTION: Knowledge of torque and force production capacity and moment arm patterns throughout the movement, and their influence on the torque produced, are essential for understanding human movement and may be of great use for controlling the overload imposed on the muscle-tendon structure. OBJECTIVE: To present mechanical criteria for progression in internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) exercises of the shoulder in the sagittal plane. METHOD: Six individuals were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer and an electrogoniometer. From the data collected, the mean torque, mean resultant force and weighted mean moment arm were calculated using the SAD32 and Matlab® software. RESULTS: The angles at which the peak ER and IR torque occurred were -34º and 6º with values of 43 Nm and 69 Nm, respectively. The peaks for ER and IR muscle force were at 35º and -14º, and the values at these angles were 10227 N and 8464 N, respectively. The weighted mean moment arm for ER presented an increasing pattern over the whole range of motion (ROM) and the peak was at the end of the ROM, i.e. at -50º (0.91 cm). The weighted mean moment arm for IR was almost constant with its peak at 50º (0.96 cm). CONCLUSION: The mechanical criteria for progression in internal and external rotation exercises of the shoulder are torque, force and weighted mean moment arm because different overloads on the muscle-tendon structure can be caused according to their patterns over the ROM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Exercise , Rehabilitation , Rotation , Shoulder Joint
12.
Braz. j. morphol. sci ; 24(4): 208-210, Oct.-Dec.2004. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-658768

ABSTRACT

The extensor digitorum brevis manus is one of the rare anatomic variations which occur on the dorsum of the hand. Only some 295 articles were found worldwide in an extensive bibliographic review carried out in 2003. This muscle was dissected bilaterally on a male corpse at the Human Anatomy Laboratory of the Morphophysiological Department of the “Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais”. It is an elongated, small muscle, originating at the carpal bones and at the extensor retinaculum and inserting into one of the tendons of the finger’s extensor muscle. Even though it does not present an essential function in the movement of the fingers nor the hand, it can lead to pain when hypertrophied, creating the need for clinical or even surgical treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Back , Back/physiology , Hand/anatomy & histology , Hand/pathology , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Diagnosis, Differential , Dissection
13.
Rev. biol. trop ; 48(Supl.1): 225-231, dic. 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503258

ABSTRACT

The concentration of copper, cadmium and lead in superficial sediment, water and the fish Cyprinodon dearborni was determined in two coastal lagoons of Sucre State, Venezuela. Chacopata lagoon is hyper saline while Los Patos lagoon is hypo saline and receives significant wastewater from Cumaná city. Water, sediment and fish samples were collected in February 1998. In the laboratory, samples underwent acid digestion and were analyzed by atomic absorption spectophotometry. The mean values of the metals in C. dearborni from the Chacopata lagoon were: 159.26 +/- 210.68 microg/g for Cu, 44.71 +/- 45.58 microg/g for Cd, and 9.31 +/- 23.34 microg/g for Pb, while for Los Patos lagoon the mean values were: 64.88 +/- 16.30, 19.48 +/- 5.81 and 22.85 +/- 20.00, respectively. In the water column, the metal concentration ranges were: 2.3-11.6, 3.9-5.4 and 21-32 mg/l for copper, cadmium and lead, respectively. These results suggest that metal levels in sediment, water column and organisms in both lagoons do not differ, except for lead, even though only Los Patos receives waste water.


Subject(s)
Animals , Fresh Water/chemistry , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Killifishes/metabolism , Body Weight , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Cadmium/analysis , Cadmium/pharmacokinetics , Lead/analysis , Lead/pharmacokinetics , Copper/analysis , Copper/pharmacokinetics , Environmental Monitoring , Metals, Heavy/pharmacokinetics , Killifishes/anatomy & histology , Spectrophotometry, Atomic , Venezuela
14.
Rev. biol. trop ; 48(Supl.1): 133-136, dic. 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503270

ABSTRACT

We analyzed growth, mortality and exploitation rate of Priacanhus arenatus, captured by the shrimp trawling fishery (1989-1996), in northeastern Venezuela. The growth coefficient (K) and the asymptotic length (L8) were estimated by length-frequency data using the Battacharya method and other routines of the FISAT program. Total mortality (Z) and exploitation (E) rates were obtained by length-converted catch curve analysis, based on length-frequency data, and the Berverton and Holt's yield per recruit model, respectively. The mean growth parameters L and K were estimated as 474.7 mm and 0.69 year(-1), respectively. Mean total mortality was 4.03 and the exploitation rate range was 0.70-0.80. Results indicated that the population is overexploited.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Fisheries , Perciformes/growth & development , Mortality , Perciformes/anatomy & histology , Venezuela
15.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 30(1): 59-65, mar. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-177466

ABSTRACT

Las mujeres postmenospáusicas tienen un riesgo aumentado de padecer enfermedad coronaria en comparación con las premenospáusicas. Sin embargo, el riesgo disminuye cuando se realiza terapia hormonal sustitutiva. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el posible efecto de la terapia con 17 ß Estradiol (E2) o de la combinación de 17 ß Estradiol y Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona (AMP), sobre las concentraciones plásmicas de colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL, colesterol VLDL y triglicéridos, fracciones de conocida participación en la aterogénesis. También se estudió la composición de ácidos grasos de fosfolípidos de la fracción no retenida obtenida por cromatografía de afinidad con Concanavalina A. Al cabo de 30 días de tratamiento con E2, el colesterol total disminuyó desde 226,0 ñ 54,4 mg/dl hasta 202,0 ñ 51,7 mg/dl; los niveles de triglicéridos descendieron desde 106,3 ñ 31,3 mg/dl hasta 80,6 ñ 13,9 mg/dl (p < 0,05), posiblemente a expensas de la fracción VLDL (21,3 ñ 6,2 mg/dl vs. 16,9 ñ 2,5 mg/dl); los fosfolípidos de la fracción no retenida de Concanavalina A mostraron una disminución de los ácidos grasos mirístico, palmítico y esteárico, y un aumento concomitante de los ácidos grasos oleico y linoleico. Los cambios observados con la administración de E2 tendieron a anularse cuando se agregó Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Cholesterol , Cholesterol, HDL , Cholesterol, LDL/adverse effects , Cholesterol, VLDL/adverse effects , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Coronary Disease/drug therapy , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Medroxyprogesterone Acetate , Menopause/drug effects , Estrogen Replacement Therapy/methods , Triglycerides , Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use , Apolipoproteins A/isolation & purification , Apolipoproteins A , Apolipoproteins A/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology , Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control , Coronary Disease/etiology , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Linoleic Acids , Myristic Acids , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. Finlay ; 6(1/2): 27-32, 1992. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-267458

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio sobre riesgo preconcepcional en el año 1989 en mujeres de edad fértil en cada uno de los 40 consultorios del médico y la enfermera de la familia del policlínico área 5 de Cienfuegos con vistas a conocer dentro de su universo de trabajo el número de mujeres comprendidas entre 15 y 49 años en su situación actual referente a su morbilidad y factores de riesgo que pudieran modificar el desarrollo adecuado en su embarazo. Se pudo conocer que existe un control significativo del riesgo preconcepcional, así como preferencia elevada de la utilización de los DIU en relación a otros métodos. El 15 porciento de las mujeres presentan enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles. Los factores de riesgo de algún modo afectan el 50 porciento de las mujeres en edad fértil. Existe un trabajo del médico y la enfermera dirigido a disminuir el incremento del riesgo para concebir un embarazo adecuado


Subject(s)
Gestational Age , Preconception Care , Women
17.
Radiol. bras ; 17(3): 158-9, 1984.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-26041

ABSTRACT

Foi apresentado um caso de ruptura de aneurisma intra-hepatico, com formacao de hematoma capsular, estudado por tomografia computadorizada. Foi discutida a importancia desta modalidade de imagem no diagnostico e tratamento desta entidade


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Aneurysm , Hepatic Artery , Rupture, Spontaneous , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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